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What is the Statute of Limitations on Sexual Assault

A statute of limitations is legislation setting the deadline for filing a civil lawsuit or bringing criminal charges. Civil and criminal cases have discrete statutes of limitations from state to state. Once the statute of limitations passes, a plaintiff can no longer bring a claim against the party who wronged them.

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Author: Kathryn Kosmides

Survivor Advocate

Home » What is the Statute of Limitations on Sexual Assault

Key Takeaways

Civil statutes of limitations set deadlines for filing civil lawsuits, while criminal statutes of limitations set deadlines for prosecutors to bring criminal charges.
The civil and criminal statutes of limitations vary by state and offense.
Many survivors do not know about the concept of statute of limitations and how this may impact their ability to seek justice and healing within the confines of legal justice systems. We recommend getting in touch with Helping Survivors to help you better understand your own experience if you have questions regarding the statute of limitations.

Sexual assault cases are one area where states have imposed statutes of limitations for both criminal charges and civil actions. Victims need to know the statutes of limitation for their particular jurisdiction to know whether they can bring charges or file a suit.

State-by-State Guide to Statutes of Limitations for Sexual Assault

Statutes of limitations often vary based on the type of sexual crime, such as rape, sexual assault, and child sexual abuse. Understanding what the statute of limitations on sexual assault is for your state is crucial to helping you pursue justice.

Last Date Modified

August 14, 2026

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Alabama

Civil statute of limitations for sexual assault/abuse: Within six years of the offense; if the victim is a minor, until their 25th birthday
Criminal statute of limitations for sexual assault/abuse:
- First degree: Within five years after the commission of the offense; no limit if the victim is under the age of 16 or the crime involves violence or the threat of violence
- Second degree: If the crime is a misdemeanor, one year after the commission of the offense; five years after the commission of the offense if it’s a felony; no limit if the victim is under the age of 16 or the crime involves violence or the threat of violence
Civil statute of limitations for rape: Within 6 years of the offense
Criminal statute of limitations for rape:
First degree: No limit
Second degree: No limit

Alaska

Civil statute of limitations for sexual assault: No limit for felony sexual assault or felony sexual abuse of a minor, three years from the date of the incident for misdemeanor sexual assault
Criminal statute of limitations for sexual assault:
- First degree: No limit
- Second degree: No limit
Civil statute of limitations for sexual abuse: Three years after the incident or the victim’s 18th birthday for misdemeanor sexual abuse; no limit for felony sexual abuse
Criminal statute of limitations for sexual abuse:
First degree: No limit
Second degree: No limit
Civil statute of limitations for rape: No limit
Criminal statute of limitations for rape: No limit

Arizona

Civil statute of limitations for sexual assault: For sexual assault of an adult, two years from the date of the incident; for sexual abuse of a minor, 12 years from the victim’s 18th birthday
Criminal statute of limitations for sexual assault: Seven years from the date when police identify the defendant; no limit if the crime involves violence or a minor
Civil statute of limitations for sexual abuse: For sexual abuse of an adult, 2 years from the date of the incident; for sexual abuse of a minor, 12 years from the victim’s 18th birthday
Criminal statute of limitations for sexual abuse: No time limit for child sexual abuse
Civil statute of limitations for rape: For adult victims, two years from the date of the incident; for minors, 12 years from the victim’s 18th birthday
Criminal statute of limitations for rape: Seven years from the date when police identify the defendant; no limit if the crime involves violence or a minor

Arkansas

Civil statute of limitations for sexual assault/abuse: Three years from the date of the offense; three years from the date the abuse is discovered if they are a minor
Criminal statute of limitations for sexual assault/abuse:
- First degree: No limit
- Second and third degree: Within three years after the commission of the offense; no limit if the victim is a minor
Civil statute of limitations for rape: Three years from the date of the offense; three years from the date the abuse is discovered if they are a minor
Criminal statute of limitations for rape: Within six years after the commission of the offense; no limit if the victim was a minor; the limit is eliminated with DNA evidence

California

Civil statute of limitations for sexual assault/abuse: No limit for child sexual assault offenses occurring on or after January 1, 2024; for child assault offenses occurring before January 1, 2024, before the victim’s 40th birthday or within five years of discovering the assault; for adult sexual assault cases, within 10 years of the offense or three years from discovering the injury
Criminal statute of limitations for sexual assault/abuse: No limit for felony offenses for which the statute of limitations had not run as of January 1, 2017; 10 years for prior offenses against adults; prior to the victim’s 40th birthday if the offense occurred against a minor before January 1, 2015;
Civil statute of limitations for rape: No limit for child sexual assault offenses occurring on or after January 1, 2024; for child assault offenses occurring before January 1, 2024, before the victim’s 40th birthday or within 5 years of discovering the assault; for adult sexual assault cases, within 10 years of the offense or three years from discovering the injury
Criminal statute of limitations for rape: No limit for felony offenses on or after January 1, 2017; 10 years for prior offenses against adults; prior to the victim’s 40th birthday if the offense occurred against a minor before January 1, 2015

Colorado

Civil statute of limitations for sexual assault/abuse: No limit for actions for which the statute of limitations had not run before January 1, 2022; six years for sexual abuse offenses before that date
Criminal statute of limitations for sexual assault/abuse: No limit if the victim is under 18; within 20 years after the commission of the offense if the victim is an adult or the victim and perpetrator are both under 18
Civil statute of limitations for rape: No limit for actions for which the statute of limitations had not run before January 1, 2022; six years for sexual abuse offenses before that date
Criminal statute of limitations for rape: No limit if the victim is under the age of 18; 20 years if the victim is an adult

Connecticut

Civil statute of limitations for sexual assault/abuse: If the plaintiff was under 21 when the abuse occurred, 30 years from their 21st birthday; no limit if the defendant has been convicted of first-degree sexual assault; three years for adult victims
Criminal statute of limitations for sexual assault/abuse: No limit if the victim is under the age of 16 or the perpetrator uses or threatens force; within 30 years after the victim turns 21 if the victim is 18, 19, or 20 years old; if the victim is 21 or older, within 20 years after the commission of the offense
Civil statute of limitations for rape: If the plaintiff was under 21 when the incident occurred, 30 years from their 21st birthday; no limit if the defendant has been convicted of first-degree sexual assault; three years for adult victims
Criminal statute of limitations for rape: No limit if the victim is under the age of 16 or the perpetrator uses or threatens force; within 30 years after the victim turns 21 if the victim is 18, 19, or 20 years old; if the victim is 21 or older, within 20 years after the commission of the offense

Delaware

Civil statute of limitations for sexual assault/abuse: No limit if the victim is a minor; two years from the commission of the act if the victim is an adult
Criminal statute of limitations for sexual assault/abuse: No limit for most offenses
Civil statute of limitations for rape: No limit if the victim is a minor; two years from the commission of the act if the victim is an adult
Criminal statute of limitations for rape: No limit

Florida

Civil statute of limitations for sexual assault/abuse: No time limit if the victim was under 16; If the victim was 16 or 17, within seven years of turning 18 or four years after discovering the harm, whichever is later; within four years from the commission of the act for adult victims
Criminal statute of limitations for sexual assault/abuse:
- First degree: Within four years after the commission of the offense, but no limit if the victim is a minor
- Second degree: Within three years after the commission of the offense, but no limit if the victim is a minor
- No limit for felonies of any type reported within 72 hours of the time they occurred.
Civil statute of limitations for rape: No time limit if the victim was under 16; If the victim was 16 or 17, within seven years of turning 18 or four years after discovering the harm, whichever is later; within four years from the commission of the act for adult victims
Criminal statute of limitations for rape: Four years from the commission of the act, but no limit if the victim is a minor; no limit for felonies of any type reported within 72 hours of the time they occurred.

Georgia

Civil statute of limitations for sexual assault/abuse: For child sexual abuse, by the victim’s 23rd birthday or within two years of when the victim “knew or had reason to know the abuse resulted in injury.” For adult victims, the limit is two years from when the incident occurred.
Criminal statute of limitations for sexual assault/abuse: Within four years after the commission of the offense, or within seven years of the victim’s 16th birthday if they were a minor
Civil statute of limitations for rape: For rape of a child, by the victim’s 23rd birthday or within two years of when the victim “knew or had reason to know the abuse resulted in injury; for adult victims, the limit is two years from when the rape occurred.
Criminal statute of limitations for rape: Within 15 years after the commission of the offense if the rape was forcible; within seven years if the rape was not forcible; no limit if the victim is under the age of 16

Hawaii

Civil statute of limitations for sexual assault/abuse: Within 2 years of the date or discovery of the offense. For childhood sexual abuse cases that occurred before July 1, 2024, victims have until their 26th birthday or three years after discovery of the harm; for child sexual abuse occurring on or after that date, victims have until their 50th birthday or five years after discovery of the harm.
Criminal statute of limitations for sexual assault/abuse:
- First degree: No limit
- Second degree: No limit
Civil statute of limitations for rape: Within 2 years of the date or discovery of the offense. For childhood sexual abuse cases that occurred before July 1, 2024, victims have until their 26th birthday or three years after discovery of the harm; for child sexual abuse occurring on or after that date, victims have until their 50th birthday or five years after discovery of the harm.
Criminal statute of limitations for rape:
- First degree: No limit
- Second degree: No limit

Idaho

Civil statute of limitations for sexual assault/abuse: For adult victims, the time limit is two years from the date of the offense. For child sexual abuse, within five years of the victim’s 18th birthday, or within five years of when they discover the abuse resulted in their harm. If the offender was incarcerated, those time periods do not start until one year after the offender has been released from any sentence of incarceration.
Criminal statute of limitations for sexual assault/abuse: Within five years after the commission of the act for any felony sexual abuse not covered by the limitations for rape. However, when the victim is a juvenile, the only limitation is that prosecution must begin within three years of the time the abuse is reported to law enforcement.
Civil statute of limitations for rape: The same time limits as sexual assault/abuse.
Criminal statute of limitations for rape: No limit for most definitions of rape. For statutory rape, the time limit is five years after the offense. However, when charged under 18-1506(a) or (b), prosecution must begin within three years of the time the abuse is reported to law enforcement.

Illinois

Civil statute of limitations for sexual assault/abuse: No limit for childhood sexual abuse, as long as it was not time-barred as of January 1, 2026. Previously, childhood sexual abuse cases that occurred before January 1, 2014, must be filed within 20 years after the victim turns 18 years or discovers that an injury was caused by the abuse. Adult victims typically have two years to file a claim.
Criminal statute of limitations for sexual assault/abuse: No limit
Civil statute of limitations for rape: No limit for childhood sexual abuse unless the assault occurred prior to 2014
Criminal statute of limitations for rape: No limit

Indiana

Civil statute of limitations for sexual assault/abuse: Two years after the assault or abuse for adult victims; for child sexual abuse, seven years from the date of the assault or four years after the victim ceases to be a dependent of the person accused of the sexual abuse.
Criminal statute of limitations for sexual assault/abuse:
- Level one felony: No limit
- Level three felony: Typically, within 5 years after the commission of the event if the victim is an adult. Victims of childhood abuse have until they turn 31 years old; or within five years from the discovery of DNA that is sufficient to bring charges, within five years the state becomes aware of a recording providing evidence sufficient to charge the offender, or within five years after a confession.
Civil statute of limitations for rape: Two years after the rape for adult victims; for minor victims, seven years from the date of the rape or four years after the victim ceases to be a dependent of the person accused of the offense
Criminal statute of limitations for rape:
- Level one and level 2: No limit
- Level three: Typically, within 5 years after the commission of the event if the victim is an adult; if the victim is a minor, within 10 years after the commission of the offense or within four years after the victim is no longer dependent on the person who committed the offense.

Iowa

Civil statute of limitations for sexual abuse: Within 2 years after the commission of the offense if the victim is an adult; for minor victims, within four years of the date of discovery; For minor victims, if the abuser is a teacher, counselor, or other person in a position of trust, within five years after they are no longer enrolled in the school or treatment.
Criminal statute of limitations for sexual abuse:
- First, second, and third degree: No limit if the victim is under the age of 18; for adult victims, either 10 years after the commission of the crime or within three years from the date DNA identifies the offender
Civil statute of limitations for rape: Within 2 years after the commission of the offense if the victim is an adult; for minor victims, until their 18th birthday; For minor victims, if the abuser is a teacher, counselor, or other person in a position of trust, within five years after they are no longer enrolled in the school or treatment.
Criminal statute of limitations for rape:
- First – fourth degree: No limit if the victim is under the age of 18; for adult victims, either 10 years after the commission of the crime or within three years from the date DNA identifies the offender

Kansas

Civil statute of limitations for sexual assault/abuse: Within 13 years of the victim’s 18th birthday for child sexual abuse, or within three years of a related criminal conviction, whichever is later; for adult victims, within 2 years of the date of the incident
Criminal statute of limitations for sexual assault/abuse: No time limit for child sexual abuse, in most cases. Otherwise, within 10 years of the victim’s 18th birthday; for adults, 10 years from the crime or one year from the identification of the suspect through DNA, whichever is later.
Civil statute of limitations for rape: Within 13 years of the victim’s 18th birthday for child sexual abuse, or within three years after a criminal conviction, whichever is later; for adult victims, within two years of the date of the incident
Criminal statute of limitations for rape: No limit

Kentucky

Civil statute of limitations for sexual abuse: For adults, within five years of the abuse; For childhood abuse, within 10 years after the victim turns 18.
Criminal statute of limitations for sexual abuse:
- First degree: No limit
- Second degree: If the victim is over the age of 18, within one year after the commission of the offense; if the victim is a minor, within 10 years of the victim’s 18th birthday
Civil statute of limitations for rape: For adults, within five years of the abuse; For childhood abuse, within 10 years after the victim turns 18.
Criminal statute of limitations for rape:
- First and second degree: No limit

Louisiana

Civil statute of limitations for sexual assault/abuse: No limit for child sexual abuse resulting in permanent impairment, injury, or scarring. No time limit for actions against individuals convicted of a crime against a child. However, if neither of those applies, survivors of child sexual abuse have three years after they become an adult. For adult victims, three years from the date of the injury, or three years from the day the victim is notified by officials of the identity of the offender, whichever occurs later.
Criminal statute of limitations for sexual assault/abuse: No time limit for molestation of a juvenile or a person with mental or physical disability. For victims of child sexual abuse, within 30 years of the victim’s 18th birthday for child sexual abuse; within 2, 4, or 6 years, depending on which specific sexual offense statute the offender is prosecuted under.
Civil statute of limitations for rape: Same time limits for sexual abuse/assault.Criminal statute of limitations for rape:
- First degree: No limit
- Second degree: No limit
- Third degree: Six years. However, if, after six years, the identity of the offender is established through DNA profiles, the time limit is three years from the date of identification.

Maine

Civil statute of limitations for sexual assault/abuse: No limit if the victim is a minor; within six years of the commission of the act if the victim is an adult
Criminal statute of limitations for sexual assault/abuse: No limit if the victim is a minor; if the victim is an adult, within 20 years after the commission of the act
Civil statute of limitations for rape: No limit if the victim is a minor; within six years of the commission of the act if the victim is an adult
Criminal statute of limitations for rape: No limit for child victims; For adults, 20 years after the commission of the crime

Maryland

Civil statute of limitations for sexual assault/abuse: Three years for victims who were adults at the time of the abuse; no limit if the victim is a minor
Criminal statute of limitations for sexual assault/abuse:
- First degree: No limit
- Second degree: No limit
Civil statute of limitations for rape: Three years for victims who were adults at the time of the offense; no limit if the victim is a minor
Criminal statute of limitations for rape:
- First degree: No limit
- Second degree: No limit

Massachusetts

Civil statute of limitations for sexual assault/abuse: Within three years of the date of the offense; if the victim is a child, the statute of limitations is 35 years after the abuse or within seven years of discovering the injury or should have reasonably discovered that an injury was caused by an act of sexual abuse, whichever comes later.
Criminal statute of limitations for sexual assault/abuse: Within 15 years of the date of the offense; if the victim is under the age of 16, the statute of limitations doesn’t begin until their 16th birthday or law enforcement receives a report of the crime.
Civil statute of limitations for rape: Within three years of the date of the offense; if the victim is a child, the statute of limitations is 35 years after the abuse or within seven years of discovering the injury or should have reasonably discovered that an injury was caused by an act of sexual abuse, whichever comes later.
Criminal statute of limitations for rape: Within 15 years of the date of the offense; if the victim is under the age of 16, the statute of limitations doesn’t begin until their 16th birthday, or law enforcement receives a report of the crime.

Michigan

Civil statute of limitations for sexual assault/abuse: Within 10 years after the assault; if the victim is a child, by their 28th birthday or within three years after discovering the injury, whichever is later.
Criminal statute of limitations for sexual assault/abuse:
- First degree: No limit
- Second and third degree: 15 years after the offense is committed or by the victim’s 42nd birthday, whichever is later.
Civil statute of limitations for rape: Within 10 years after the assault; if the victim is a child, by their 28th birthday or within three years after discovering the injury, whichever is later.
Criminal statute of limitations for rape:
- First degree: No limit
- Second and third degree: 15 years after the offense is committed or by the victim’s 42nd birthday, whichever is later.

Minnesota

Civil statute of limitations for sexual assault/abuse: Within 6 years of the abuse if the victim is an adult; Minors abused by an individual under the age of 14 have until their 24th birthday to report; no limit if the plaintiff was under the age of 18 and the defendant is an adult.
Criminal statute of limitations for sexual assault/abuse: No limit
Civil statute of limitations for rape: Within 6 years of the abuse if the victim is an adult; Minors abused by an individual under the age of 14 have until their 24th birthday to report; no limit if the plaintiff was under the age of 18 and the defendant is an adult.
Criminal statute of limitations for rape: No limit

Mississippi

Civil statute of limitations for sexual assault/abuse: Three years from the date of the assault, or three years from the victim’s 21st birthday if the victim is a minor
Criminal statute of limitations for sexual assault/abuse: No limit if the victim is a child or if the identity of the offender is later learned through DNA testing of biological evidence; if the victim is an adult, within two years after the assault
Civil statute of limitations for rape: Three years from the date of the assault, or three years from the victim’s 21st birthday if the victim is a minor
Criminal statute of limitations for rape: No limit for rape of an adult; no time limit for any sexual abuse against a child, including rape

Missouri

Civil statute of limitations for sexual assault/abuse: Within five years for adult victims; if the victim is a child, by their 31st birthday or within three years of the date when the victim discovered, or should have reasonably discovered, the injury.
Criminal statute of limitations for sexual assault/abuse:
- First degree: Within three years after the commission of the offense, or 15 years if classified as a class E felony; no limit if the victim is under the age of 18.
- Second degree: Within one year if the offense is not aggravated; within three years for aggravated sexual abuse; 15 years if a class E felony; no limit if the victim is under the age of 18.
Civil statute of limitations for rape: Within two years if the victim is an adult; if the victim is a child, by their 31st birthday or within three years of the date when the victim discovered, or should have reasonably discovered, the injury.
Criminal statute of limitations for rape:
- First degree: No limit.
- Second degree: Within three years after the commission of the offense; no limit if the victim is under the age of 18.

Montana

Civil statute of limitations for sexual assault/abuse: For adult victims, within three years for an injury claim or within two years for an assault claim; if the victim is a child, by their 27th birthday or within three years of discovering the injury
Criminal statute of limitations for sexual assault/abuse: Within 10 years after the assault; no limit if the victim is under the age of 18.
Civil statute of limitations for rape: For adult victims, within three years for an injury claim or within two years for an assault claim; if the victim is a child, by their 27th birthday or within three years of discovering the injury
Criminal statute of limitations for rape: Within 10 years after the offense; no limit if the victim is under the age of 18

Nebraska

Civil statute of limitations for sexual assault/abuse: Within four years of the offense if the victim is an adult; no limit if the victim is a child
Criminal statute of limitations for sexual assault/abuse:
- First degree: No limit
- Second degree: No limit
Civil statute of limitations for rape: Within four years of the offense if the victim is an adult; no limit if the victim is a child
Criminal statute of limitations for rape:
- First degree: No limit
- Second degree: No limit

Nevada

Civil statute of limitations for sexual assault/abuse: Victims under the age of 18 have until their 38th birthday to file a lawsuit, or 20 years from the date the injury was discovered.No limit for sexual abuse or exploitation of a child if it involves sexual abuse material. No time limit for adult victims.
Criminal statute of limitations for sexual assault/abuse: Within 20 years after the commission of the offense; if the victim is a child, before their 36th birthday or before their 43rd birthday if they could not reasonably have discovered the abuse by the age of 36; for child and adult victims, no limit if DNA evidence exists.
Civil statute of limitations for rape: Victims under the age of 18 have until their 38th birthday to file a lawsuit, or 20 years from the date the injury was discovered. No limit for sexual abuse or exploitation of a child if it involves sexual abuse material. No time limit for adult victims.
Criminal statute of limitations for rape: Within 20 years after the commission of the offense; if the victim is a child, before their 36th birthday or before their 43rd birthday if they should not reasonably have discovered the abuse by the age of 36; for child and adult victims, no limit if DNA evidence exists.

New Hampshire

Civil statute of limitations for sexual assault/abuse: No limit
Criminal statute of limitations for sexual assault/abuse: Within six years after the commission of the offense for a felony and within one year for a misdemeanor; if the victim is under the age of 18, within 22 years of their 18th birthday
Civil statute of limitations for rape: No limit
Criminal statute of limitations for rape: Within six years after the commission of the offense; if the victim is under the age of 18, within 22 years of their 18th birthday

New Jersey

Civil statute of limitations for sexual assault/abuse: Within seven years after the last incident of abuse or the date of discovery, whichever is later; if the victim is a child, before age 55 or within seven years of discovering the abuse, whichever is later
Criminal statute of limitations for sexual assault/abuse: No limit
Civil statute of limitations for rape: Within seven years after the last incident of abuse or the date of discovery, whichever is later; if the victim is a child, before age 55 or within seven years of discovering the abuse, whichever is later
Criminal statute of limitations for rape: No limit

New Mexico

Civil statute of limitations for sexual assault/abuse: Within three years of the date of the abuse; if the victim is a child, by their 24th birthday or within three years after disclosing the abuse to a licensed medical provider or mental health counselor
Criminal statute of limitations for sexual assault/abuse:
- First degree: No limit
- Second degree: Within six years after the abuse; for victims of childhood abuse, the statute of limitations begins on their 18th birthday, or the violation is reported to a law enforcement agency, whichever occurs first.
Civil statute of limitations for rape: Within three years of the date of the offense; if the victim is a child, by their 24th birthday or within three years after disclosure to a licensed medical provider or mental health counselor
Criminal statute of limitations for rape:
- First degree: No limit
- Second degree: Within six years after the offense; for victims of childhood abuse, the statute of limitations begins on their 18th birthday, or the violation is reported to a law enforcement agency, whichever occurs first.

New York

Civil statute of limitations for sexual assault/abuse: Within 20 years after the commission of the offense; if the victim is a minor, by their 55th birthday
Criminal statute of limitations for sexual assault/abuse:
- First degree: Within five years of the offense; if the victim is under the age of 18, the statute of limitations begins on their 23rd birthday or when law enforcement receives a report, whichever occurs first
- Second degree: Within two years after the commission of the offense; if the victim is under the age of 18, the statute of limitations begins on their 23rd birthday or when law enforcement receives a report, whichever occurs first
Civil statute of limitations for rape: Within 20 years after the commission of the offense; if the victim is a minor, by their 55th birthday
Criminal statute of limitations for rape:
- First degree: No limit
- Second degree: Within 20 years after the offense or within 10 years from when law enforcement received a report of the offense, whichever occurs earlier; if the victim is a child, the statute of limitations begins on their 23rd birthday or when law enforcement receives a report, whichever occurs first

North Carolina

Civil statute of limitations for sexual assault/abuse: Within three years of the most recent instance of abuse or within three years from discovering the injury; if the victim is a minor, until their 28th birthday or within two years of the date of a criminal conviction of a related offense within
Criminal statute of limitations for sexual assault/abuse:
- First degree: No limit
- Second degree: No limit
Civil statute of limitations for rape: Within three years of the most recent instance of abuse or within three years from discovering the injury; if the victim is a minor, until their 28th birthday or within two years of the date of a criminal conviction of a related offense within
Criminal statute of limitations for rape:
- First degree: No limit
- Second degree: No limit

North Dakota

Civil statute of limitations for sexual assault/abuse: If the victim is an adult, within nine years of the date of the abuse; if the child is younger than 18, within 21 years after the offense. If the child was younger than 15, the statute of limitations does not begin until they turn 15.
Criminal statute of limitations for sexual assault/abuse:
- Felony: within 7 years after the offense; if the victim is under 18, within 21 years after the offense, within three years of law enforcement receiving a report of the offense, or within three years after the suspect is identified by DNA
- Misdemeanor: within two years after the commission of the offense
Civil statute of limitations for rape: If the victim is an adult, within nine years of the date of the abuse; if the child is younger than 18, within 21 years after the offense. If the child was younger than 15, the statute of limitations does not begin until they turn 15.
Criminal statute of limitations for rape:
- Felony within 7 years after the offense; if the victim is under 18, within 21 years after the offense, within three years of law enforcement receiving a report of the offense, or within three years after the suspect is identified by DNA
- Misdemeanor: within two years after the commission of the offense

Ohio

Civil statute of limitations for sexual assault/abuse: For adults, within one year of the offense if they knew the offender or one year from the date the learn the identity of the offender; if the victim is a child, until their 30th birthday
Criminal statute of limitations for sexual assault/abuse: Adult victims, 25 years from the date of the offense; if the victim is a minor, until their 38th birthday
Civil statute of limitations for rape: For adults, within one year of the offense if they knew the offender or one year from the date the learn the identity of the offender; if the victim is a child, until their 30th birthday
Criminal statute of limitations for rape: Adult victims, 25 years from the date of the offense; if the victim is a minor, until their 38th birthday

Oklahoma

Civil statute of limitations for sexual assault/abuse: For adult victims, within 2 years of the offense, or five years after the perpetrator is released from jail, whichever is later; if the victim is a minor, by their 45th birthday
Criminal statute of limitations for sexual assault/abuse: If the victim is a minor, by their 45th birthday; if the victim is an adult, within 12 years of the discovery of the offense. No statute of limitations if DNA evidence is available, but a criminal case must be initiated within 3 years of the suspect’s identity being established by DNA.
Civil statute of limitations for rape: For adult victims, within 2 years of the offense, or five years after the perpetrator is released from jail, whichever is later; if the victim is a minor, by their 45th birthday
Criminal statute of limitations for rape: If the victim is a minor, by their 45th birthday; if the victim is an adult, within 12 years of the discovery of the offense. No statute of limitations if DNA evidence is available, but a criminal case must be initiated within 3 years of the suspect’s identity being established by DNA.

Oregon

Civil statute of limitations for sexual assault/abuse: Before offenses occurring before June 26, 2025, within 5 years of the abuse or date of discovery; if the victim is a minor, until their 40th birthday or within 5 years of discovering the abuse, whichever is later. For offenses occurring on or after June 26, 2025, there is no time limit.
Criminal statute of limitations for sexual assault/abuse:
- First degree: Within 20 years after the commission of the offense; if the victim is under 18, before their 30th birthday, whichever occurs later.
- Second degree: Within six years after the commission of the offense; if the victim is under 18, before their 30th birthday, or within 12 years after law enforcement or the Department of Human Services receives a report of the offense.
- Misdemeanor sexual abuse offenses: Four years for an adult victim; if the victim is a minor, until they are 22 or four years after law enforcement or the Department of Human Services receives a report of the offense.
Civil statute of limitations for rape: Before offenses occurring before June 26, 2025, within 5 years of the abuse or date of discovery; if the victim is a minor, until their 40th birthday or within 5 years of discovering the abuse, whichever is later. For offenses occurring on or after June 26, 2025, there is no time limit.
Criminal statute of limitations for rape:
- First degree: Within 20 years after the commission of the offense; if the victim is under 18, before their 30th birthday, whichever occurs later.
- Second degree: Within six years after the commission of the offense; if the victim is under 18, before their 30th birthday, or within 12 years after law enforcement or the Department of Human Services receives a report of the offense

Pennsylvania

Civil statute of limitations for sexual abuse/assault: For child sexual abuse, until the victim’s 55th birthday; if the victim is between the ages of 18 and 24, by their 30th birthday; two years from the date of injury for adults 25 and older
Criminal statute of limitations for sexual abuse/assault: For an adult victim, within 12 years after the commission of the offense; no limit if the victim is under 18
Civil statute of limitations for rape: For child sexual abuse, until the victim’s 55th birthday; if the victim is between the ages of 18 and 24, by their 30th birthday; two years from the date of injury for adults 25 and older
Criminal statute of limitations for rape: If the victim is an adult, within 12 years after the commission of the offense; no limit if the victim is under the age of 18

Rhode Island

Civil statute of limitations for sexual assault/abuse: For adult victims, within 3 years of the offense; if the victim is a child, until their 53rd birthday or within seven years of discovering the offense.
Criminal statute of limitations for sexual assault/abuse:
- First degree: No limit
- Second degree: Within three years after the offense; no time limit if the victim is a child.
Civil statute of limitations for rape: For adult victims, within 3 years of the offense; if the victim is a child, until their 53rd birthday or within seven years of discovering the offense.
Criminal statute of limitations for rape:
- First degree: No limit

South Carolina

Civil statute of limitations for sexual assault/abuse: Adult victims have three years from the date of the abuse; Victims of childhood abuse have within six years from the victim’s 21st birthday or within three years of discovering the abuse, whichever occurs later.
Criminal statute of limitations for sexual assault/abuse: No limit
Civil statute of limitations for rape: Adult victims have three years from the date of the abuse; Victims of childhood abuse have within six years from the victim’s 21st birthday or within three years of discovering the abuse, whichever occurs later.
Criminal statute of limitations for rape: No limit

South Dakota

Civil statute of limitations for sexual assault/abuse: Within three years of the offense; Victims of childhood abuse have three years from the alleged act or three years from discovery of the injury, whichever occurs later. Victims of childhood abuse may not seek damages after their 40th birthday from any person or entity, other than from the person who committed the offense.
Criminal statute of limitations for sexual assault/abuse: Within seven years from the commission of the crime
Civil statute of limitations for rape: Within three years of the offense or discovering the offense; Victims of childhood abuse have three years from the alleged act or three years from discovery of the injury, whichever occurs later. Victims of childhood abuse may not seek damages after their 40th birthday from any person or entity, other than from the person who committed the offense.
Criminal statute of limitations for rape:
- First degree: No limit
- Second degree: No limit
- Third and fourth degree: Anytime before the victim’s 25th birthday or within seven years from the commission of the crime, whichever is longer.

Tennessee

Civil statute of limitations for sexual assault/abuse:
- For adult victims, within 1 year of the commission of the offense.
- For minors abused that occurred on or after July 1, 2019, victims have until their 33rd birthday or within three years of discovery. For minors abused on or after July 1, 2025, they have until their 48th birthday or within three years from the time of discovery.
Criminal statute of limitations for sexual assault/abuse:
- For child victims: For childhood abuse, there is no time limit if the victim was at least 13 but not older than 17 at the time of the offense and did not report it to another person before turning 23 years old. Otherwise, for offenses that occurred after June 30, 2006, victims have until their 43rd birthday; for offenses that occurred on or after July 1, 2025, victims have until their 48th birthday.
- Adult victims: Within 8 years of the offense
Civil statute of limitations for rape: Within 1 year of the commission of the offense. For minors abused that occurred on or after July 1, 2019, victims have until their 33rd birthday or within three years of discovery. For minors abused on or after July 1, 2025, they have until their 48th birthday or within three years from the time of discovery.
Criminal statute of limitations for rape:
- Child victims: For childhood abuse, there is no time limit if the victim was at least 13 but not older than 17 at the time of the offense and did not report it to another person before turning 23 years old. Otherwise, for offenses that occurred after June 30, 2006, victims have until their 43rd birthday; for offenses that occurred on or after July 1, 2025, victims have until their 48th birthday.
- Adult victims: Within 15 years of the crime for aggravated rape; within 8 years for non-aggravated rape

Texas

Civil statute of limitations for sexual assault/abuse: Within 5 years of the offense; if the victim is a minor, within 30 years beginning on the victim’s 18th birthday.
Criminal statute of limitations for sexual assault/abuse: Within 10 years after the commission of the offense; no limit if the victim is under the age of 17
Civil statute of limitations for rape: Within 5 years of the offense; if the victim is a minor, within 30 years beginning on the victim’s 18th birthday.
Criminal statute of limitations for rape: For adult victims, within 10 years after the commission of the offense. No time limit for rape or aggravated rape cases if DNA evidence has been collected and has not yet identified the offender, or if there is probable cause to believe the defendant is a serial offender. No time limit if the victim is under 17.

Utah

Civil statute of limitations for sexual assault/abuse: Within four years after the offense; no limit if the victim is a minor. For childhood sexual abuse that was time-barred as of July 1, 2016, civil claims may be brought within 35 years of the victim’s 18th birthday.
Criminal statute of limitations for sexual assault/abuse: Within 8 years of the commission of the offense if reported to law enforcement within 4 years; within 4 years if unreported; if the victim is a minor, within 10 years of their 18th birthday
Civil statute of limitations for rape: Within four years after the offense; no limit if the victim is a minor. For childhood sexual abuse that was time-barred as of July 1, 2016, civil claims may be brought within 35 years of the victim’s 18th birthday.
Criminal statute of limitations for rape: No limit

Vermont

Civil statute of limitations for sexual assault/abuse: Within three years of the offense; no limit if the victim is a child
Criminal statute of limitations for sexual assault/abuse: No limit for sexual assault, sexual exploitation of a minor, and human trafficking. Other offenses may be subject to a six- or 40-year statute of limitations, depending on the crime and the victim’s age.
Civil statute of limitations for rape: Within three years of the offense; no limit if the victim is a child
Criminal statute of limitations for rape: No limit

Virginia

Civil statute of limitations for sexual assault/abuse: Within two years after the offense; for offenses on or after July 1, 2020, until 10 years after the offense; if the victim is 18 years and older and the offender is a person of authority, until 15 years after the offense; if the victim is a minor, within 20 years after their 18th birthday.
Criminal statute of limitations for sexual assault/abuse:
- First degree: No limit
- Second degree: Within one year of the crime; if the victim is a minor, within one year of their 18th birthday, or within five years if the perpetrator was an adult more than 3 years older than the victim
Civil statute of limitations for rape: Within two years after the offense; for offenses on or after July 1, 2020, until 10 years after the offense; if the victim is 18 years and older and the offender is a person of authority, until 15 years after the offense; if the victim is a minor, within 20 years after their 18th birthday.
Criminal statute of limitations for rape: No limit

Washington

Civil statute of limitations for sexual assault/abuse: Within three years of the incident or the time of discovery; if the victim is a minor, there is no time limit if the abuse occurred on or after June 6, 2024. For childhood abuse that occurred before that date, victims have until their 21st birthday or within three years of discovery of the harm.
Criminal statute of limitations for sexual assault/abuse:
- First degree: Within 20 years after the offense; No limit for victims under the age of 16 or 18, depending on the type of offense
- Second degree: Within 20 years after the offense; no limit if the victim is under 16
Civil statute of limitations for rape: Within three years of the incident or the time of discovery; if the victim is a minor, there is no time limit if the abuse occurred on or after June 6, 2024. For childhood abuse that occurred before that date, victims have until their 21st birthday or within three years of discovery of the harm.
Criminal statute of limitations for rape:
- First degree: Within 20 years after the offense; no limit if the victim is under 16
- Second degree: Within 20 years after the offense; no limit if the victim is under 16
- Third-degree: Within 10 years after the offense; no limit if the victim is under the age of 16 and the perpetrator is at least 48 months older than the victim

West Virginia

Civil statute of limitations for sexual abuse: Within 2 years of the offense; if the victim is a minor, within 18 years after reaching the age of majority, or within four years after the discovery, whichever is longer.
Criminal statute of limitations for sexual abuse:
- First degree: No limit
- Second degree: Within one year after the offense
Civil statute of limitations for sexual assault (including rape): Within 2 years of the offense; if the victim is a minor, within 18 years after reaching the age of majority, or within four years after the discovery, whichever is longer.
Criminal statute of limitations for sexual assault (including rape):
- First degree: No limit
- Second degree: No limit

Wisconsin

Civil statute of limitations for sexual assault/abuse: Within three years of the offense; if the victim is a minor, until age 35
Criminal statute of limitations for sexual assault/abuse:
- First degree: No limit
- Second degree: Within 20 years after the offense; if the victim is a minor, before age 45
Civil statute of limitations for rape: Within three years of the offense; if the victim is a minor, until age 35
Criminal statute of limitations for rape:
- First degree: No limit
- Second degree: Within 20 years after the offense; if the victim is a minor, before age 45

Wyoming

Civil statute of limitations for sexual assault/abuse: Adult victims have four years from the offense; if the victim is a minor, until their 26th birthday or within three years from discovering the abuse
Criminal statute of limitations for sexual assault/abuse: No limit
Civil statute of limitations for rape: Adult victims have four years from the offense; if the victim is a minor, until their 26th birthday or within three years from discovering the abuse
Criminal statute of limitations for rape: No limit

Why Do Statutes of Limitations Exist on Sexual Assault?

Governments set a statute of limitations for civil and criminal cases to serve the public’s best interests. These deadlines prevent would-be defendants from being subjected to unfair litigation or prosecution and ensure matters get resolved within a reasonable amount of time.

Evidence and witness statements are vital to the progress of civil cases and the prosecution of criminal cases. Over time, this information diminishes. Records are lost. Memories fade or become fuzzy and, therefore, are no longer trustworthy. Evidence ages.

Allowing cases to proceed after this would not be fair or equitable. Without all the facts, judges and juries would be unable to make informed decisions. Inconclusive evidence would carry too much weight, perhaps leading to the wrong outcome. Meanwhile, parties would not have the whole picture to reach a just settlement.

Conversely, some view statutes of limitations negatively because they hinder people’s ability to raise legitimate claims to the court system. Legislators have tried to strike a fair balance in setting time limits and have even exempted some actions from these deadlines, but the controversy persists.

Understanding Criminal vs. Civil Statutes of Limitations

Many states have separate statutes of limitations for civil and criminal cases. The limit in a criminal case determines how much time a prosecutor has to press charges against an individual who allegedly committed a sexual crime. If you report a sexual assault to law enforcement after this time period has ended, it may not be possible for them to pursue a criminal case.

On the other hand, the civil statute of limitations in your state is a time limit for sexual assault lawsuits. It determines how long you have to file a claim against a person who assaulted or abused you. Failing to file a suit before the sexual abuse statute of limitations could prevent you from recovering damages for your physical and emotional suffering.

What if the Statute of Limitations Has Expired?

Survivors of sexual crimes sometimes don’t understand or feel comfortable disclosing their abuse until long after the incident occurred. If you experienced sexual assault years ago and think the statute of limitations has run out, you may still have options for pursuing justice. For instance, even if the criminal statute of limitations has expired, you may still have time to file a civil lawsuit.

States occasionally offer limited lookback windows—periods when you can file a claim regardless of when your abuse occurred. These windows usually only last for a year or two, and states often implement them when changing the statutes of limitations for specific crimes.

In addition, some states offer exceptions for survivors who have repressed their memories of an event, a common occurrence following sexual assault, or for cases involving DNA evidence. An experienced attorney who understands exceptions to the statute of limitations for sexual assault can help you determine whether your circumstances qualify.

Want to speak with a lawyer? Understand your legal rights and options as a survivor of sexual assault and abuse. Reach out to get legal help.

Want To Speak With A Lawyer?

Understand your legal rights and options as a survivor of sexual assault or abuse.